Decompositions, packings, and coverings of the complete digraph with orientations of K3 ∪{e}
Abstract
There are eight orientations of the complete graph on three vertices with a pendant edge, K3 ∪ {e}. Two of these are 3-circuits with a pendant arc and the other six are transitive triples with a pendant arc. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for decompositions, packings, and coverings of the complete digraph with each of these eight orientations of K3 ∪ {e}.











