Advancements in Mathematical Cosmology: Investigating Bianchi Type-III Models with Bulk Viscosity and Magnetic Fields

Abstract

The study explores the Bianchi Type-III cosmological model, a significant framework in mathematical cosmology for understanding anisotropic universes. The investigation focuses on the effects of bulk viscosity and magnetic fields, which play crucial roles in the evolu- tion and dynamics of the universe, particularly under non-isotropic conditions. Using advanced mathematical modeling, the research develops governing equations that incorporate these fac- tors, providing insights into the early universe’s behavior and its deviation from isotropy. Key findings reveal how bulk viscosity influences the expansion rate and entropy generation, while magnetic fields contribute to maintaining anisotropic structures. These results are validated against recent observational datasets, ensuring their relevance to contemporary cosmology. The implications of this study extend to modified gravity theories, highlighting their potential to ad- dress unresolved cosmological phenomena.